I. NARRATIVE (NARASI)
Tujuan teks narratives adalah menghibur pendengar dengan cerita atau dongeng. Biasanya teks ini mengandung pesan moral.
Struktur teks narrative terdiri atas orientation (pengenalan tokoh,waktu dan tempat kejadian), complication (masalah dimana karakter utama terlibat) dan resolution (akhir cerita yang berisi solusi masalah).
Teks narrative dapat ditemukan pada folktales, fable, legend, myth, science fiction atau historical fiction. Ciri-ciri teks narrative:
1. Menggunakan nouns tertentu dan noun phrase.
2. Menggunakan connective, time conjuction dan adverbs of time.
3. Menggunakan saying verbs (said,told) dan thinking verbs, feeling verbs, verbs of senses (she` was very tired and hungry).
4. Menggunakan simple past tense.
Contoh:
Once upon a time, there was a poor farmer living with his wife. One day, he went to the nest of his goose to look for an egg. Suddenly, he was surprised, it was because he found a golden egg. It was weird. Then, he took it and hurried home to show his wife. Every day after that, his `goose laid a golden egg. The farmer and his wife were very happy and soon became a rich `family. However, the farmer became greedy. One day, he thought that if he killed the goose, he `would find all of its treasure at once. So, he killed the goose and cut it open. Inside of the goose, `he found nothing. Poor he!
II. RECOUNT
Tujuan teks recount yaitu untuk menceritakan /melaporkan peristiwa, kejadian, pengalaman atau kegiatan yang terjadi di masa lalu, contohnya liburan ke suatu tempat.
Struktur teks recount terdiri atas orientation (siapa yang terlibat dalam peristiwa; kapan dan dimana peristiwa itu terjadi) dan events (urutan kejadian). Kadang terdapat reorientation yang berisi kesimpulan dari peristiwa tersebut.
Ciri-ciri teks recount:
1. Menggunakan simple past tense.
2. Menggunakan temporal connectives untuk mengurutkan peristiwa.
3. Menggunakan pelaku individu atau grup, misalnya I atau we.
contoh:
I experienced an interesting holiday. My parents and I visited grandma's house at a small village. I was very happy because I missed her so much. My interesting experience began when I had to take a bath. You know what happened? My grandma only had a well and opened bathroom. I didn't want to take a bath there, but my parents forced me. Oh, I felt ashamed. Next, guess what? There was no restroom and I, really, needed to go there. But my grandma asked me to go to the river behind our home. That's my embarrasing experience.Well, because of that I asked my father to make a bathroom and restroom inside of my grandma's house.
III. NEWS ITEM
Teks news item bertujuan untuk memberitahukan informasi kepada pembaca tentang peristiwa yang dianggap penting atau layak dijadikan berita.
Struktur teks news item terdiri atas newsworthy events (menceritakan kejadian pada intinya), background events (berisi latar belakang peristiwa, meliputi uraian kejadian secara terperinci, siapa yang terlibat, tempat, waktu dan lain-lain), dan source (berisi sumber informasi /komentar dari saksi, orang yang terlibat atau pendapat ahli dalam bidangnya).
Ciri-ciri teks news item:
1. Menggunakan judul, headline yang menuangkan informasi singkat.
2. Menggunakan action verbs (admitted, abused).
3. Menggunakan saying verbs (said).
4. Menggunakan kalimat pasif /passive voice (A supervisor was jailed).
Contoh:
Good morning, listeners. I'm Linda and you're listening to Headline News in Sky FM. The newsworthy event comes from our country.
Five scuba divers from Britain, France, and Sweden have been missing for more than three days in sea. Two British women, a British man and a French disappeared on Thursday in the treacherous waters of Komodo National Park in Nusa Tenggara islands, east of Bali. Police said that a rescue team from Indonesian Police and Navy had conducted a search, but there had been no result so far. We're waiting for the next news. Okay, listeners, that's the news for today.
